Obesity Uncovered: Exploring the Root Causes

One common misconception about obesity is that it is a result of poor dietary choices or lack of physical activity. The reality is that obesity is influenced by multiple factors, many of which lie beyond our control. From genetics to environmental conditions, stress, bias and stigma, sleep deprivation, medications, and even other health conditions, the root causes of obesity extend far beyond personal choices. Understanding these causes is critical for addressing the condition effectively, and clinical trials are increasingly playing a key role in developing new and innovative treatments for those affected by obesity.

Genetics

One of the most significant contributors to obesity is genetics. Your genes can influence your susceptibility to weight gain by affecting factors like metabolism, fat storage, and how the body regulates hunger and feeling full. In fact, there are at least 15 genes that have been linked to obesity.

Your genetics don’t guarantee you will develop obesity but can make it more difficult to lose weight or maintain weight loss, even with lifestyle changes. This genetic component highlights the importance of considering medical intervention and underscores why obesity is not merely a matter of willpower or discipline.

Sleep

In today’s fast-paced society, lack of sleep is common and often overlooked as a contributor to obesity. However, poor sleep is a risk factor in weight gain. Experts recommend you get at least seven hours of sleep at night, which may seem unattainable for some.

However, if you don’t get enough sleep, the body can experience hormonal imbalances. Sleep-deprived individuals tend to have higher levels of the hormone that stimulate hunger and lower levels of the hormone that signals fullness. This can lead to increased appetite and cravings for unhealthy foods.

Stress

Stress is another powerful factor contributing to obesity. When the body is under stress it releases hormones that control energy and hunger. Chronic stress leads to persistently elevated cortisol levels, which can stimulate appetite, particularly for unhealthy foods. Over time, this can result in weight gain, creating a cycle that can be hard to break without targeted intervention.

Medications and Other Health Conditions

Certain medications and health conditions can also contribute to obesity.

The following medications may cause but do not guarantee weight gain:

• Certain antidepressants
• Certain antipsychotics
• Prolonged steroid use
• Some forms of birth control

Additionally, some diabetes and hypertension treatments such as insulin and beta blockers can cause weight gain as a side effect.

These medications may alter metabolism, increase appetite, or lead to fluid retention, all of which can contribute to weight gain.

Conditions such as hypothyroidism (an underactive thyroid), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and Cushing’s syndrome are known to interfere with metabolism and can lead to obesity, even in individuals who maintain a healthy diet and active lifestyle.

The Role of Clinical Trials

As our understanding of the root causes of obesity deepens, so does the potential for more effective treatment options. Clinical trials are a critical part of this process, providing the discovery of new medications and therapies. For those struggling with obesity, participating in a clinical trial may offer access to investigational treatments that are not yet available to the general public.

Clinical trials represent hope for new obesity treatments. Consider exploring the investigational treatments available through clinical trial participation and click here to learn more.

References:

NIH. NIDDK. Factors Affecting Weight and Health

NHLBI. Overweight and Obesity – Causes and Risk Factors